Expert panel appointed by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute releases new Guidelines endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics...

The new recommendations include testing all children between the ages of 9-11 for high cholesterol in order to prevent heart disease later. Also they recommend diabetes screening every 2 years starting at age 9 in children who are overweight, have a family history of diabetes or have other risk factors. By fourth grade 13% of US children have high cholesterol with values over 200. Fats build up in the heart arteries in the first and second decades of life. Screening starting at age 20 will be too late. Download the PDF report

"Every child should be tested for high cholesterol by age 11 so steps can be taken to prevent heart disease later on, a panel of doctors urged Friday in new advice that is sure to be controversial.

They also advise diabetes screening every two years starting as early as 9 for children who are overweight and have other risks for Type 2 diabetes, including family history.

The recommendations are in new guidelines from an expert panel appointed by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. They were released online Friday by the journal Pediatrics and will be presented Sunday at an American Heart Association conference in Florida.

Until now, major medical groups such as the pediatrics academy have advised cholesterol tests only for children with a family history of early heart disease or high cholesterol and those who are obese or have diabetes or high blood pressure. But studies show that is missing many children with high cholesterol, and the number of th

em at risk is growing because of the obesity epidemic. Autopsy studies show children already have signs of heart disease even before they have symptoms. By the fourth grade, 10 percent to 13 percent of U.S. children have high cholesterol, defined as a score of 200 or more.

Fats build up in the heart arteries in the first and second decade of life but usually don't start hardening the arteries until people are in their 20s and 30s, said one of the guideline panel members, Dr. Elaine Urbina, director of preventive cardiology at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

"If we screen at age 20, it may be already too late," she said. "To me it's not controversial at all. We should have been doing this for years."

Doctors recommend testing between ages 9 and 11 because cholesterol dips during puberty and rises later. The guidelines also say doctors should:

—Take yearly blood pressure measurements for children starting at age 3.

—Start routine anti-smoking advice when kids are ages 5 to 9, and advise parents of infants against smoking in the home.

—Review infants' family history of obesity and start tracking body mass index, or BMI, a measure of obesity, at age 2."

By LINDSEY TANNER, MARILYNN MARCHIONE